last amendment: 4 September 2011
by © François
Lareau,
2001-, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
---------------------------
"Reform of the Criminal Law
...In 1977, a "Consolidated Version" of the Criminal Code Ordinance was introduced - in Hebrew - and it replaced the Mandatory English version. In 1994, the Knesset enacted the Penal Law (Amendment No. 39) (Introductory Part and General Part), 1994, which entirely reformed the basic notions of the legal elements of crime and criminal responsibility. This Law was based on a draft prepared by Prof. S. Z. Feller and Prof M. Kremnitzer, both from the Faculty of Law at the Hebrew University. A project currently being carried out seeks to review the text of the Penal law with regard to the particular offenses set forth in the law and to the penalties to which the offender is liable upon conviction." (The Development of the Law in Israel: The First 50 Years by Shlomo Guberman, Deputy Attorney General (Legislation) (retired), available at http://www.israel.org/mfa/go.asp?MFAH00yl0 -- accessed on 21 December 2002)
AZUELOS-ATIAS, Sol, A
pragmatic analysis of legal proofs of criminal intent,
Amsterdam ; Philadelphia : J. Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007, vii, 180
p.,
(series; Discourse approaches to politics, society, and culture; v.
25), ISBN:
9789027227164 and 9027227160;
BARSELA, Yoram and Yitzhak Eliasoff, "The Legal and Practical
Problems
Posed by the Difference Between Criminal Law and Administrative Penal
Law",
(1988) 59 Revue internationale de droit pénal 249-262;
BECKMAN, James, Comparative Legal Approaches to Homeland
Security and Anti-Terrorism,
Aldershot (England) / Burlington (U.S.): Ashgate, 2007, xiv, 185 p.,
see "Israel", at pp. 145-152 , ISBN: 978 0 7456 4651 8;
BEIN, Dan, "Criminal Law" in Itzhak Zamir and Sylviane
Colombo,
eds., The law of Israel : General Surveys, Jerusalem : Harry
and
Michael Sacher Institute for Legislative Research and Comparative Law,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1995, 520 p.;
___________"Israel: National Report", (1983) 54(1-2) Revue
internationale
de droit pénal / International Review of Penal Law
401-421
(Actes du Colloque International, "Conception et principes du droit
pénal
économique et des affaires y compris la protection du
consommateur",
tenu à Freiburg-en-Brisgau, République
Fédérale
d'Allemagne, 20-23 septembre 1982, en préparation pour le 13e
Congrès international de droit pénal de l'Association
internationale
de droit pénal (AIDP) au Caire en 1984 / Report of the
Proceedings
of the International Colloquium, "Concept and Principles of Economic
and
Business Criminal Law", held in Freiburg i. Br., Federal Republic
of Germany, September 20-23, 1983, in preparation for the 13th
International
Congress of Penal Law of the International Association of Penal Law
(IAPL)
in Crairo, 1984);
___________"The relations between the organization of the judiciary
and criminal procedure in Israel", (1989) 60(3-4) Revue
internationale
de droit pénal / International Review of Penal Law 859-870;
note: Colloque préparatoire, on Question III, "Les rapports
entre
l'organisation judiciaire et la procédure pénale", pour
le
XIVe Congrès de l'Association
internationale
de droit pénal; Preparatory Colloquium, Question III, "The
relations
between the organization of the judiciary and criminal procedure" for
the
XIVth Congress of the International Association of Penal Law;
BESINGER, Gad J., "Criminal Justice in Israel", in R.
Friedman,
ed., Crime and criminal justice in Israel : assessing the knowledge
base toward the twenty-first century, Albany : State University of
New York Press, c1998, xiii, 437 p., at pp. 43 to approx. 63 (series;
SUNY
series in Israeli studies), ISBN: 0791437132 and 0791437140 (pbk.);
BUSS, Martin J., "The Distinction Betweem Civil and Criminal Law in
Ancient Israel" in Shinan, Avigdor (Hg.), Proceedings of the
sixth
World
Congress of Jewish Studies. Volume 1. Division A. (Internationaler
Kongreßfür Studien zum Judentum 6). Jerusalem: World Union
of
Jewish studies 1977, at pp.
51-62;.
COHN, H., "Criminal Law Reform in Israel", (1992) 11 The
Australian
University Law Review 1-20;
DIKSHTEIN, Paltiel, Criminal law with special reference to
Jewish
law and to the law of Palestine (including the New Criminal Code,1936,
the emergency regulations, and judgments of Palestine law courts up to
date).e, Jerusalem : School of law and economics, Tel-Aviv, 1938,
xvi,
296 p ;
FELDMAN, Avigdor, "The Right to a Fair Trial in Israel" `in David
Weissbrodt
and Rüdiger Wolfrum, eds., The right to a fair trial,
Berlin;
New York: Springer, 1997, ix, 779 p. at pp. 457 to approx. 484 (Series;
Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und
Völkerrecht
; Bd. 129), ISBN: 3540625933;
FELLER, S.Z. and M. Kremnitzer, "Proposal for a General Part of a
New
Penal Law - Introduction", (1996) 30 Israel Law Review 36-59; Research
Note: all of volume 30 is devoted to the reform of criminal law);
FRIEDMANN, Robert R., ed., Crime and criminal justice in Israel:
assessing the knowledge base toward the twenty-first century,
Albany:
State University of New York Press, c1998, xiii, 437 p., at pp. 185 to
approx. 206 (series; SUNY series in Israeli studies), ISBN:
0791437132
and 0791437140 (pbk.); see the Table of Contents in the catalogue of
the
Biddle
Law Library, University of Pennsylvania;
limited preview in http://books.google.com/books?id=92oEPsdDqIEC&pg=PA308&dq=penal+code+spain+%22+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=Oiz
LR6PiNYHGiQGJ3Z0K&sig=hkV-AKw-Kq3QJeN_L47aJUtjGWw#PPA204,M1
and http://books.google.com/books?id=92oEPsdDqIEC&dq=penal+code+spain+%22+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
(accessed on 2 March 2008);
___________Criminal justice in Israel : an annotated bibliography
of English language publications, 1948-1993, Westport, Conn:
Greenwood
Press, 1995, ix, 211 p., (series; Research and bibliographical
guides
in criminal justice, ISSN:1042-4636 ; no. 4), ISBN: 0313294399; copy at
Ottawa University; Ottawa;
GUBERMAN, Shlomo, "The Development of the law in Israel: The First
50 Years, 2000, available at http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern+History/Israel+at+50/Development+of+the+Law+in+Israel-+The+First+50+Yea.htm
(accessed on 14 April 2006);
In the field of penology, the law was reformed radically. Thus, in 1950, the penalty of whipping was abolished; so was collective punishment (1964). The death penalty for murder was abolished in 1954. In that year, The Penal Law Revision (Modes of Punishment), 1954, was enacted, introducing the imposition of conditional sentences of imprisonment, and entirely overhauling the penal system.
In 1977, a "Consolidated Version" of the Criminal Code Ordinance was introduced - in Hebrew - and it replaced the Mandatory English version. In 1994, the Knesset enacted the Penal Law (Amendment No. 39) (Introductory Part and General Part), 1994, which entirely reformed the basic notions of the legal elements of crime and criminal responsibility. This Law was based on a draft prepared by Prof. S. Z. Feller and Prof. M. Kremnitzer, both from the Faculty of Law at the Hebrew University. A project currently being carried out seeks to review the text of the Penal law with regard to the particular offenses set forth in the law and to the penalties to which the offender is liable upon conviction."
HARNON, Eliahu, "The Impact of the Basic Law: Human Dignity and
Liberty
on the Law of Criminal Procedure and Ecvidence", (1999) 33(3) Israel
Law Review 678-717;
HARNON, Eliahu, and Alex Stein, "Israel", in Graig M. Bradley,
ed.,
Criminal Procedure: A Worldwide Study, Durham (North Carolina):
Carolina Academic Press, 1999, xxiv, 446 p., at pp. 217-244, ISBN:
0890896704;
copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada, K5401 C66 1999;
HARNON, E. and A. Stein, ""Reform Movements in Criminal Procedure
and
the Protection of Human Rights in Israel", (1989) 60(3-4) Revue
internationale
de droit pénal / International Review of Penal Law
1177-1192;
note: Colloque préparatoire, on Question III, "Les rapports
entre
l'organisation judiciaire et la procédure pénale", pour
le
XIVe Congrès de l'Association
internationale
de droit pénal; Preparatory Colloquium, Question III, "The
relations
between the organization of the judiciary and criminal procedure" for
the
XIVth Congress of the International Association of Penal Law;
HIRSCH, Moshe, "Israël. Criminal-Environmental Law in
Israel",
(1994) 65 Revue internationale de droit pénal /
International
Review of Penal Law 995-1011, see "Liability of corporate bodies",
at p. 999; article in English; part of the Preparatory Colloquium,
Section
1, Crimes against the Environment -- General Part, Ottawa (Canada),
November
2-6, 1992;
The Israeli Criminal procedure law, 5725-1965. With an introd. by
U. Yadin, South Hackensack, N.J.: F. B. Rothman, 1967, ix, 66 p.
(series;
The American series of foreign penal codes, 13);
KAMIR, Orit, "Responsibility Determination as a Smokescreen:
provocation
and the Reasonable Person in the Israeli Supreme Court", (2005) 2 Ohio
State Journal of Criminal Law 547-570; available at http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/osjcl/issue2_articles/Kamir-PDF-3-17-05.pdf
(accessed on 30 April 2005);
KANTROVITCH, Henry, The law of criminal procedure in Palestine,
Tel-Aviv : Mizpah Publishing Co., 1938, 156 p.;
KREMNITZER, Mordechai, "Constitutional Principles and Criminal Law".
(1993) 27(1-2) Israel Law Review
84-99;
___________"Constitutionalization of Substantive
Criminal
Law: A Realistic View", (1999) 33(3) Israel Law Review 720-728;
__________"Criminal Law" in Amos Shapira and Keren C. Dewitt-Arar,
Introduction
to the Law of Israel, TheHague/London/Boston: Kluwer Law
International,
1995, xxix, 424 p., at chapter 13, pp. 353-266, ISBN: 9065448357;
__________"Criminal Law in Israel" in Robert R. Friedmann, ed., Crime
and criminal justice in Israel: assessing the knowledge base toward the
twenty-first century, Albany: State University of New York Press,
c1998,
xiii, 437 p., at pp. 185 to approx. 206 (series; SUNY series in
Israeli
studies), ISBN: 0791437132 and 0791437140 (pbk.); see the Table of
Contents
in the catalogue of the
Biddle
Law Library, University of Pennsylvania;
limited preview in http://books.google.com/books?id=92oEPsdDqIEC&pg=PA308&dq=penal+code+spain+%22+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=Oiz
LR6PiNYHGiQGJ3Z0K&sig=hkV-AKw-Kq3QJeN_L47aJUtjGWw#PPA204,M1
and http://books.google.com/books?id=92oEPsdDqIEC&dq=penal+code+spain+%22+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
(accessed on 2 March 2008);
___________"Interpretation in Criminal law", (1986) 21 Israel Law Review 385;
__________"The Israeli Proposal for a New General Part of a Penal
Code"
in Raimo Lahti and Kimmo Nuotio, eds., CriminalLaw Theory in
Transition:
Finnish and Comparative Perspectives/Strafrechtstheorie Im Umbruch
Finnische
und vergleichendePerspektiven, Helsinki: Finish Lawyers'
Publishing
Company, 1992, xiv, 604 p., at pp. 57-63, ISBN: 9516405940; this
introduction
is based on S.Z. Feller and M. Kremnitzer,
supra;
KREMNITZER, Mordechai, and Moshe A. Cohen, "National Report --
Israel",
in Eser and Sieber, eds., National Prosecution of International
Crimes,
Max-Planck-Institut fürausländisches und internationales
Strafrecht,
2005, (series; Nationale Strafverfolgung völkerrechttlicher
Verbrechen;
vol. 5), ISBN: 3861138824; book in English;
KREMNITZER, Mordechai and Re'em Segev, "The legality of
interrogational
torture: a question of proper authorization or a substantive moral
issue?",
(Fall 2000) 34(4) Israel Law Review 509-559;
KREMNITZER, Mordechai and K. Ghanayim, "New Humanistic Trends in
Israeli Criminal Law", in Jörg Arnold., ed., Menschengerechtes Strafrecht: Festschrift für Eser zum 70.
Geburtstag, Muenchen: C.H. Beck, 2005, xiv, 1459 p., at p. 513,
ISBN: 3406524621;
KUGLER, Itzhak, "Israel", in Kevin Jon Heller and Markus D. Dubber,
eds., The Handbook of Comparative
Criminal Law, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2011, vi, 660
p., at pp. 352-392, ISBN: 978-0-8047-5758-4;
LEDERMAN, E., M. Kremnitzer, Y. Shachar and Gur-Arye,
"National
Monographs: Israel" in Cyrille Fijnault, ed. International
Encyclopaedia
of Laws, Criminal Law, The Hague, London, Boston: Kluwer Law
International,
1993-, ISBN: 9065449374, forthcoming (as of 1 July 2002);
MEI-TAL, Maya, "The Criminal Responsibility of Psychopathic
Offenders",
(Summer 2002) 36(2) Israel Law Review 103 to approx. 122;
METCHIK, Eric Wendell, Parole decision making and the influence
of
sentencing structure : a comparative analysis, Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale
University, 1985, 255 p.; comparaison: US & Israel;
OHANA, Daniel, "The Natural and Probable Consequence Rule in
Complicity:
Section 34A of the Israeli Penal Law -- Part I", (Summer 2000) 34(3) Israel
Law Review 321-351; and "The Natural and Probable Consequence Rule
in Complicity: Section 34A of the Israeli Penal Law -- Part II", (Fall
2000)
34(4) Israel Law Review 453-508;
Penal Law, 5737-1977, 2nd ed., [Haifa] : A. Greenfield-A.G.
Publications,
1994-1996, 1 v. (loose-leaf); note: Translation of: Hok ha-‘onashin,
737-1977;
Penal Law of Israel (626/1996), available at http://www.wihl.nl/finals/Israel/IL.L-PC.Penal%20Law%20of%20Israel.1996.pdf
(accessed on 14 January 2009);
OSNER, Nigel, 1948-, Anne Quinn and Giles Crown, eds., Criminal
justice
systems in other jurisdictions, London : HMSO, c1993, iv, 232 p.,
see
Part 9, "Israel" at pp. 115-131, ISBN: 0113410824; note: At head
of
title: "The Royal Commission on Criminal Justice"; study covers in
different
parts of the book: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France,
Germany,
The Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, New Zealand,
Spain,
Sweden, The United States of America; based on answers to a
questionnaire;
areas covered for most of the countries and generally are: police
investigations,
evidence, prosecution, disclosure, expert evidence, pre-trial
procedures,
detention pre-trial (or statistics for detention in custody), juries,
trial,
previous convictions, appeals,training, recet changes/reforms;
Penal Law, 5737-1977 : verbatim English translation,
incorporating
all amendments up to and including amendment no.52, 3rd ed.,
[Haifa,
Israel] : A. Greenfield-A.G. Publications, [c1999], 2 v. (144 leaves);
RATTNER, Arye, and Gideon Fishman, 1945-, Justice for all?
:
Jews and Arabs in the Israeli criminal justice system, Westport
(Conn.):
Praeger, 1998, x, 138 p., ISBN: 0275959082;
SEBBA, Leslie, "Victims' Rights and Legal Strategies: Israel as a
Case
Study", (2000) 11(1) Criminal Law Forum 47-100;
article
very rich on references concerning Israel's criminal law;
SEBBA, Leslie, Menachem Horovitz and Ruth Geva, Criminal Justice
Systems in Europe and North America: Israel, Helsinki
(Finland):
The European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control, 2003, 110 p.,
references and bibliography at pp.103-110; available at http://www.heuni.fi/uploads/j6hs3o3ru64zn5.pdf
(accessed on 31 March 2004); important
contribution;
SHAMIR, Yitzchak, Moshe Nissim and Chaim Herzog, "Administrative
Offences
Law, 5746-1985", (1988) 59 Revue internationale de droit
pénal
263-273;
SHARONI, Michelle M., "A Journey of Two Countries : A Comparative
Study
of the Death penalty in Israel and South Africa", (2001) 24(2) Hastings
International and Comparative Law Review 257-;
WEISMAN, Gloria M., "World Factbook of Criminal Justice
Systems
-- Israel, U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs,
Bureau
of Justice Statistics, circa 1992, available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/ascii/wfbcjisr.txt
(accessed on 10 April 2004);
What can a police officer do? A comparative study :
U.S.A.-
German Federal Republic - Israel - Italy, South Hackensack, N.J. :
Published for Criminal Law Education and
Research
Center, New York University, School of Law, by Fred B. Rothman,
1974,
xii, 272 p. (series; New York University. Criminal Law Education
and Research Center. Monograph series v.7), ISBN:
0837704170;
ZALKIND, Paola, 1981- and Rita James Simon, Global perspectives
on
social issues : juvenile justice systems, Lanham, Md. : Lexington
Books,
c2004, vii, 197 p., see "Israel" at pp. 93-99 and 113, ISBN:
0739107305;
copy at Ottawa University, MRT General: HV 9069 .Z35 2004;
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