by / par ©François
Lareau, 2009, Ottawa
first put on the internet on 6 september 2009
Selected
Bibliography on
Sentencing
in Canadian Criminal Law
Part / Partie: T - Z
TALBOT, Charles K., Justice in Early Ontario 1791-1840: A
Study
of Crime, Courts and Prison in Early Upper Canada, Ottawa:
Crimcare,
1983;
TALLIS, Calvin F., "Sentencing in the North" in B.A. Grosman, ed., New
Directions in Sentencing, Toronto: Butterworths, 1980 circa p. 305;
___________"Sentencing the Native Offender / Imposer une peine au
contrevenant autochtone [article in English]" in Hélène
Dumont,
ed./sous la direction de, Sentencing = La
détermination
de la peine, Cowansville (Quebec): Éditions Yvon Blais,
1987,
[vi], 253 p. at pp. 107-112, ISBN: 2890736105 (Major papers presented
at
a National Conference on Sentencing held in Toronto, Ontario from
October 16th to the 19th, 1985, and hosted by the Canadian Institute
for
the Administration of Justice / Principales études
présentées
lors de la conférence de l'Institut canadien d'administration de
la justice, du 16 au 19 octobre 1985 à Toronto, Ontario, sur le
thème de la détermination de la peine);
(ok reference checked)
TAMBORINI, J., "Les limites et les bienfaits des mesures de
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Générale de Droit Université d'Ottawa
281-287;
TANOVICH, David M., "An Analysis of Section 741.2 of the Criminal
Code", (1993) 18 Criminal Reports (4th) 215-220;
(ok reference checked)
___________Annual Review of Criminal Law 2000, Carswell,
2001;
see on Sentencing: 1- Conditional Sentences. General principles
to
be applied: R. v. Proulx (S.C.C.); 2- Joint Submissions:
Trial judge justified in 'jumping' joint submission only in exceptional
cases: R. v. C. (G.W.) (Alta. C.A.); 3- Pre-Trial
Custody:
Application to minimum sentences and amount of credit to be applied in
other cases: R. v. W. (L.W.) (S.C.C.); see on Appeals: Fresh
Evidence:
Admissibility on sentence appeals: R. v. Levesque
(S.C.C.);
___________“A Breath of Fresh Air on the Incarceration Addiction
in
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___________"Race, Sentencing and the 'War on Drugs'", (2004) 22(1) Criminal Reports (5th) 45-62; (ok reference checked)
TANOVICH, David M. and Gerry Ferguson, Annual Review of
Criminal
Law 2001, Carswell, a Thomson Company, 2002, xxvii, 200 p., ISBN:
0459271148;
see "Sentencing", at pp. 157-175 covering the following headings:
"1. Family Group nferences; 2. Aboriginal Offenders; 3. DNA Databank
Orders; 4. Admissibility of Uncharged Misconduct; 5. Cruel and Unusual
Punishment; 6. The Death Penalty; 7. Mandatory Minimums; 8. Pre-Trial
Custody;
9. Joint Submissions; 10. Conditional Sentences; 11. Probation Orders;
12. Stark Horror; 13. Fine Default and Conditional Sentences; 14.
Dangerous Offenders; 15. Psychiatric Assessments; 16 Review Board
Hearings"; (ok reference checked)
___________Annual Review of
Criminal
Law 2003, Toronto: Thomson/Carswell, 2004, xxvi, 400 p., see
"Sentencing",
at pp. 279-381, ISBN: 0459273713; (ok reference checked)
TARASOFSKY, Joseph, "Aspect juridique des sentences", pp.
1-23,
dans BARREAU DU QUÉBEC, Formation permanente, Cours 74, La
sentence
et le pardon: aspects juridiques, administratifs, sociaux et
humanitaires,
Montréal, Les Éditions Yvon Blais, 1983, 172 p., [2] p.,
23 cm., ISBN: 2890732541 [note: le même volume comprend aussi le
cours 75 ayant pour titre: Nouvelles législations: le code de la
sécurité routière et la loi sur les valeurs
mobilières];
___________"The Sentence at Present" dans [sous la direction de, Service de la formation permanente du Barreau du Québec], Droit pénal - Orientations nouvelles, Cowansville (Québec): Éditions Yvon Blais, 1987, [v], 290 p., aux pp. 235-255 (Collection; Colloques du Service de la formation permanente du Barreau du Québec; vol. 2), ISBN: 2890736407; (ok reference checked)
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du
délinquant" dans Droit
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professionnelle
du Barreau du Québec 1986-1987, Cowansville,
Éditions
Yvon
Blais, 1987, ISBN: 0890735842, titre 5, pp. 137-193;
TARNOPOLSKY, Walter, "Just Deserts or Cruel and Unusual Treatment or
Punishment? Where Do We Look for Guidance?", (1978) 10 Ottawa Law
Review
1;
TAYLOR, Charles, More Only Love
Heals: Life Renewing Experiences of
Prisoners, Lancelot, 1985, ISBN: 0889992940;
___________Only Love Heals: Life
Renewing Experiences of
Prisoners,
Lancelot, 1978, ISBN: 0889990832;
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E. Pink and David Perrier, eds., From Crime to Punishment: An
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TEASDALE, Peter, Regional Director, General Prosecutions, "CRIMINAL
JUSTICE UPDATES: 3. Victim Impact Statements - Section 735 C.C.", A.C.A.A.
Newsletter, Issue Number 1, January, 1995;
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Breaking
and Entering and Theft"/"La force de dissuasion des peines
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of Canada (ed.)/Commission de réforme du droit du Canada
(éd.),
Fear of Punishment/La crainte du
châtiment, Ottawa: Minister of
Supply
and Services Canada/Ministre des Approvisionnements et Services Canada,
1976, pp. 121- 149(E.)/129-160(F.); with the same title in (1977) 18 Canadian
Journal of Criminology and Corrections 123-149;
___________"Deterrent Effects of Punishment: Subjective Measures
Continued",
(1976) 18 Canadian Journal of Criminology and Corrections 152-160;
___________"Deterrent Effects of Punishment: The Canadian Case",
(1972)
14 Canadian Journal of Criminology and Corrections 68-82; with
the
same title in: C.L. Boydell, C.F. Grindstaff and P.C. Whitehead, eds.,
Deviant
Behaviour and Societal Reaction in Canada, Toronto: Holt, Rinehart
and Winston, 1972;
___________"Perceptions of Punishment: Current Research" in Richard
L. Henshel and Robert A. Silverman, eds., Perception in Criminology,
New York: Columbia University Press, 1975;
___________"Subjective Perceptions of Detrrence (Continued)", (1976)
13 Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 155-164;
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Laberge,
Les services de probation du
Québec: un examen des principales
activités, Groupe de recherche et
d'analyse
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à
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Sentencing
in the 1980's / Les tribunaux ont-ils fait fausse route? Les
problèmes
des années 80 en matière de détermination de la
peine
[article in English]" in Hélène
Dumont,
ed./sous la direction de, Sentencing = La
détermination
de la peine, Cowansville (Quebec): Éditions Yvon Blais,
1987,
[vi], 253 p. at pp. 123-134, ISBN: 2890736105 (Major papers presented
at
a National Conference on Sentencing held in Toronto, Ontario from
October 16th to the 19th, 1985, and hosted by the Canadian Institute
for
the Administration of Justice / Principales études
présentées
lors de la conférence de l'Institut canadien d'administration de
la justice, du 16 au 19 octobre 1985 à Toronto, Ontario,
sur
le thème de la détermination de la peine);
(ok reference checked)
___________"The Law of Sentencing - Some Unresolved Legal
Issues"
in Sandra Oxner, ed., Criminal
Justice: Papers Prepared for
Presentation
at the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice Conference
on Criminal Justice Held at Halifax, October 28, 29 and 30m 1981,
Toronto:
Carswell, 1982, at pp. 165-174, ISBN: 0459349708;
THOMAS, Jennifer, Adult
Correctional Services in Canada, 1998-99, (2000) 20(3) Juristat;
THOMAS, Nadia E., "Sentencing Murder: Did Robert Latimer Deserve
the
Mandatory Minimum?", (2001) 6 Canadian Criminal Law Review
93-118;
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THOMAS, Paul, "The Judicial Approach to Plea Bargaining", (1972) 5 Manitoba
Law Journal 201-204;
THOMSON, George M., "Wrap-Up &
Closing
Remarks", in Patrick Healy and Hélène Dumont, eds., Dawn or Dusk in Sentencing / La
détermination
de la Peine: une réforme pour hier ou pour demain,
Montréal:
Éditions Thémis (publié en collaboration de
l'Institut
canadien d'administration de la justice (ICAJ)/Canadian Institute for
the
Administration of Justice (CIAJ), 1998, xiii, 417 p., aux pp. 413-417,
ISBN: 2894000960, available at http://www.ciaj-icaj.ca/english/publications/DP1997/thompson.pdf
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THORVALDSON, S.A., "Restitution by Offenders in Canada: Some
Legislative
Issues", (1987) 29 Canadian Journal of Criminology 1-16;
TIBBETTS, Janice, "[The Minister of Justice Canada] Cauchon overturns man's rape conviction -- Red Deer man spent seven years in prison", The Ottawa Citizen, Wednesday, January 28, 2003, at p. A3; (ok reference checked)
___________"Crime victims promised more help. Tories to unveil
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checked)
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of judiciary 'in peril'", The Ottawa
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Wednesday, 21 February 2007, pp. A1 and A2; title at p. A2 is: "Judges:
Merit, not ideology, should guide appointments, council says'";
(ok reference checked)
___________"Opposition inclined to block gun bill. Mandatory
minimum sentences likely to face Charter challenge, MPs say", The Ottawa Citizen, Sunday, 26
March 2006, p. A2; (ok reference checked)
___________"Parole changes could violate Charter: expert. Tory plan to revoke 'faint hope clause' wouldn't affect current lifers: professor", The Ottawa Citizen, Monday, August 21, 2006, p. A3; professor Allan Manson; (ok reference checked)
___________"PM trying to muzzle judges: Lamer. Shouldn't
interfere in sentencing, ex-chief justice says", The Ottawa Citizen,
Monday, 19 February 2007, pp. A1 and A2; title at p. A2 is: "Judges:
Harper going about change 'the wrong way'";
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___________"PS warning that Tories' crime laws won't work was
ignored -- Mandatory prison terms ineffective, lawyers told new justice
minister", The Ottawa Citizen,
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Minister wants proof minimums don't work"; (ok reference checked)
___________"Tories
plan review of prison system. Safety of guards, concerns of
victims to be considered", The Ottawa Citizen, Saturday, January
13, 2007, p. A3;
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____________"Youth crime bill lets judges add to jail
sentences. Harsher treatment includes longer jail terms as a
deterrent", The Ottawa
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Service
of Canada", International Society for the Reform of Criminal Law, 14th
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2000;
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___________Criminal
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Justice
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___________Canadian Penal Institutions, Chicago, University
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"This report summarizes the findings from a study of French-language media practice in the area of sentencing in this country. The interested reader is also directed to other reports in the series that deal with the news media. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 individuals, of whom 12 were journalists." (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p. at p. 9, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p., à la p. 10, ISBN: 0662556534)
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"[Sommaire]
On s'attend à ce que la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents ait des conséquences considérables -- souvent négatives -- pour les pratiques de la justice des mineurs. Les décisions visant les jeunes contrevenants seront plus centrées sur les infractions et moins sur la personne ou l'ensemble de la situation du contrevenant; les tribunaux n'imposeront plus des mesures mais des peines. Les mesures extrajudicaires seront touchées aussi bien que diverses peines. La mise sous garde sera particulièrement affectée. Le risque étant qu'elle devienne plus une mesure de détention que de réapdaptation. Des suggestions sont offertes pour tenter de limiter la portée de certains effets indésirables de la loi afin de préserver des acquis développés au Québec au fil des ans. Certains points d'appui des interventions sont évoqués, notamment le recours à la Loi sur la prorection de la jeunesse et l'engament des parents." (p. 47)
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Dawn
or Dusk in Sentencing / La détermination de la Peine: une
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pour hier ou pour demain, Montréal: Éditions
Thémis
(publié en collaboration de l'Institut canadien d'administration
de la justice (ICAJ)/Canadian Institute for the Administration of
Justice
(CIAJ), 1998, xiii, 417 p., at pp. 369-371, ISBN: 2894000960, available
at http://www.ciaj-icaj.ca/english/publications/DP1997/turner.pdf
(accessed on 16 April 2006); Mr. Turner is Director, Community Services
Branch, Saskatchewan
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pour
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___________How to increase referrals to victim-offender mediation programs, Waterloo, Ont.: Fund for Dispute Resolution, 1993, 8, A-9 p.; copy at Solicitor General Canada, Ministry Library and Reference Centre/Solliciteur général Canada, Bibliothèque ministérielle et centre de référence, HV 8688 U5h 1993; title noted in my research but document not consulted yet; (ok reference checked)
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___________"L'univers des surveillants de prison: de la
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L'objet de cet article est d'apporter un regard critique sur le modèle canadien de gestion des sentences fédérales d'incarcération, lequel est souvent considéré comme un modèle idéal. A partir de données qualitatives et quantitatives, il ressort qu'un nombre important de détenus considérés comme porteurs des risques élevés et, par conséquent, ne bénéficiant pas d'une libération anticipée, réintègrent la collectivité sans qu'on les retrouve ensuite dans le système. Dès lors, on peut se demander jusqu'à quel point ce modèle, dont on vante la « réussite », ne peut pas être vu avant tout comme créateur d'échec. Il ressort, en effet, que sous couvert d'évaluations rationnelles et de prédictions actuarielles, non seulement le délit apparaît comme la dimension prépondérante dans la prise de décision, mais encore que les outils mis en place utilisent des critères peu variés et redondants, augmentant d'autant leur influence. Ces constats nous amènent à questionner la place de la responsabilité des acteurs dans un contexte où la gestion du risque fait face à une opinion publique en mal de sécurité. http://mhsrvweb.medhyg.ch/revues/r_article.php4?article_id=99940070&num_char=0
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"Section 718.2(e) of the Criminal Code provides that 'all available sanctions other than imprisonment that are reasonable in the circumstances should be considered for all offenders, with particular attention to the circumstances of [A]boriginal offenders.' In R. v. Gladue, the Supreme Court of Canada interpreted this provision as requiring sentencing judges to adopt a new method of analysis when dealing with Aboriginal offenders. Commentators have subsequently critized s. 718.2(e), as interpreted in Gladue and expanded upon in R. v. Wells, for failing to effectively address the problem of Aboriginal over-representation in Canadian penal institutions, and for legislating that Aboriginal offenders receive preferential treatment. While the author concedes that a new sentencing methodology is not a panacea, and its success will depend largely on the will of the individual judges who implement it, he believes many critics have ignored the provision's underlying social value. By requiring sentencing judges to explicitly recognize and address the unique circumstances of Aboriginals offenders, the Supreme Court has clearly indicated that a new judicial mindset is needed to deal with the problem of over-representation. Moreover, far from mandating preferential treatment for Aboriginal offenders, s. 718.2(e) will help ensure that the sentencing judge does not overlook important factors in arriving at a sentence that is just and appropriate not only for the Aboriginal offender, but for the victim and community as well." (p. 73; note: un sommaire en français est aussi disponible à la même page)
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VERDUN-JONES, Simon (Simon Nicholas), 1947-, and Teresa (Teresa Ruth) Mitchell-Banks, The Fine as a Sentencing Option in Canada, Ottawa, Department of Justice, Policy, Programs and Research Branch, Research and Development Directorate, 1988, 92 p.(series; Research reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission; ISSN: 0836-1797; volume 8); ISBN: 0662158709; also published in French / aussi publié en français : Verdun-Jones, Simon (Simon-Nicholas), 1947-, et Teresa (Teresa Ruth) Mitchell-Banks, L'amende comme option de détermination de la peine au Canada, Ottawa : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Direction générale de la recherche et du développement, Direction de la politique, des programmes et de la recherche, 1988, 107 p. (Collection; Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine; ISSN: 0836-1800; volume 8), ISBN: 0662946731; (ok reference checked)"The implementation of sentencing guidelines inevitably raises the issue of plea bargaining. This paper considers the potential impact that plea bargaining would have on the introduction of sentencing guidelines in Canada. From a consideration of the U.S. literature, it was determined that plea bargaining is a complex and diverse phenomenon that varies greatly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Attempts to abolish or restructure it have failed or resulted in undesirable consequences. Any study, therefore, of the impact of sentencing reform should consider the role of plea bargaining, from arrest through to parole." (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p. at p. 6, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p. à la p. 6, ISBN: 0662556534) Canadian Sentencing Commission, 1986)
"The fine is, for most offences, the most frequent disposition. This is true in all western industrialized nations. In Canada, over 90 percent of convictions for summary offences and one percent to one-third of convictions for indictable offences result in the imposition of fines. Notwithstanding this, the fine has not received anything like the attention from researchers that has been focused upon incarceration. This report explores the fine as a sentencing option. Various issues are described and discussed, such as imprisonment for fine default, which accounts for a significant percentage of admissions to provincial institutions. The report includes a series of recommendations. (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p. at p. 6, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p. à la p. 6, ISBN: 0662556534) Canadian Sentencing Commission, 1986)
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"The issue of sentencing guidelines lies at the heart of recent attempts to reform the sentencing process. Sentencing guidelines have been instituted in several jurisdictions in the United States. This report analyses and evaluates these guideline systems, particularly those in Minnesota and Pennsylvania. Have the sentencing guidelines commissions in these locations achieved their stated objectives? What are the weaknesses of structuring sentencing decisions in this way? Professor Vining examines the critical questions in the area of sentencing guidelines, with particular reference to the implementation possibilities for Canada." (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p. at p. 3, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p. à la p. 3, ISBN: 0662556534)
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___________A Review of Issues in Sentencing, Solicitor
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"Over the past few years there has been an increasing number of calls, from various groups and individuals, for the criminal justice system to become more responsive to the needs of victims. Professor Waller examines the role of the victim in the sentencing process. This paper includes a survey of the role of the victim in criminal justice proceedings in foreign jurisdictions." (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p. at p. 10, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p., à la p. 11, ISBN: 0662556534)
__________"La victime et le procès", titre et
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Université d'Ottawa, 11 mars 1994 (comité organisateur
constitué
des profeseurs de la Faculté de droit: Alain-François
Bisson,
André Jodouin, Marine du Peloux et du Professeur Alvaro Pirez du
département de criminologie;
__________"Les victimes d'actes criminels: besoins et services
Canada/États-Unis",
(1981) 5 Déviance et Société 263;
___________"Victims", (1984) 16 Ottawa Law Review 444-454;
___________"Victims v. Regina v. Wrongdoer: Justice", (1985) 8 Can.
Com. L. J. 1-20;
WALLER, Irvin and Janet Chan, "Prison Use: A Canadian and
International
Comparison", (1974-75) 17 The Criminal Law Quarterly 47-71;
WALLER, Irvin and Norman Okihiro, Burglary: The Victim and the
Public,
Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1978;
WARDROPE, Hon. G.C., Trends in
Correctional Planning, March 1961;
WARNER, Alan Henry, The Criminal Sentencing Process: Comparisons
Between Lawyer Recommendations and Judicial Decisions, M.A.
Dalhousie
University, 1978, iv, 71 leaves; copy at National Library;
WARNER, Alan H. and K. Edward Renner, "The Bureaucratic and
Adversary
Models of the Criminal Courts: the Criminal Sentencing Process", (1981)
1 Windsor Yearbook Access to Justice 80- 93;
WATERMAN, J., "Disclosure of Social and psychological Reports at
Disposition",
(1969) Osgoode Hall Law Journal 213;
WATERS, Kathleen, Impact of the presentence report on sentencing,
Thesis (M.A.), University of Ottawa, 1979, iv. 141 leaves;
WATSON, Catherine M., Women prisoners and modern methods of
prison
control : a comparative study of two Canadian women's prisons,
Thesis
(Ph.D.), Department of Sociology, McGill University, 1980, iii, 449
leaves;
WATSON, Jack, "Blow the Man Down: Punishing the Recidivist Drinking
Driver", (1989) 1 Journal of Motor Vehicle Law 131-138;
__________"Conditional Sentences under Bill under Bill C-41", A.C.A.A.
Newsletter, Issue Number 7, December, 1996;
____________“Crime and Punishment: Sweeping Changes to Sentencing
Provisions “, (August/September 1996) Law Now 8-12;
(ok reference checked)
WATSON, Jack, 1950-, Laurie Wood, Gilbert Van Nes, Principles
of
sentencing in Canada, Scarborough (Ont.): Carswell, 1993,
ISBN:
0459551957;
WATSON, Jack, 1950-, Gilbert Van Nes, 1967-, and Laurie Wood,
1955-,
Principles
of sentencing in Canada, Scarborough, Ont.: Carswell, 1993, ISBN:
0459551957;
WATT, David, 1948-,
Ontario specimen jury
instructions (criminal) 2005 supplement,
Toronto : Thomson
Carswell, 2005, xiv, 246 p., and see "Final 508-A Parole Ineligibility
Recommendation (Adult Offender) (Code,
s. 745.2)", at pp. 235-238; "Final 508-B Parole Eligibility
Recommendation (Adult Offender) (Code,
s. 745.2)", at pp. 239-240; "Final 508-C Parole Ineligibility
Recommendation (Offenders Under Sixteen) (Code, S. 745.3)", at pp. 241-245;
and "Final 508-D Parole Eligibility Recommendation (Offenders under
Sixteen) (Code, s. 745.3)", at p. 246,
ISBN: 0459242628; copy
at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada, KF9682 W38 2003 Suppl.
c. 01; (ok reference checked)
WEATHERSTON, Richard, "Penitentiary Disciplinary Hearings and the
Right
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WEBB, S.D., "Deterrence Theory: A Reconceptualization", (1980) 22 Canadian
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Justice 395-422;
__________"Punitive trends and stable imprisonment rates
in Canada", in Michael Tonry, ed., Crime, punishment, and politics in
comparative perspective, Chicago: University Of Chicago Press,
c2007, ix, 673 p (series; Crime and justice : a review of research ;
v. 36 )9780226808635 and 9780226808642 (pbk.);
WEBSTER, Christopher D., 1936-, et al.,
Dangerous
behavior rating scheme (DBRS) : construction and inter-rater
reliability,
Toronto : Metropolitan Toronto Forensic Service METFORS, [197-],
1 v. (series; Working papers in forensic psychiatry W.P. #23);
WEBSTER, Christopher D., Ben-Aron and Stephen J. Hucker, eds.,
Dangerousness:
Probability and prediction, psychiatry and public policy, New York:
Cambridge University Press, 1985, [xiii], 236 p.,
WEBSTER, Christopher D., 1936-, and Bernard M. Dickens, 1937-, Deciding
dangerousness : policy alternatives for dangerous offenders,
Toronto
: METFORS, 1984, 20 leaves (series; Working papers in forensic
psychiatry;
number 76); notes: On cover : Metopolitan Toronto Forensic Service; "A
version of this paper appears in Chapter 4 of Deciding Dangerousness :
Policy Alternatives for Dangerous Offenders by C. D. Webster, B. M.
Dickens
and others, a Centre of Criminology, University of Toronto, 1984.";
WEBSTER, Christopher, 1936-, Bernard Dickens, and Susan Addario, Constructing
Dangerousness: Scientific, Legal and Policy Implications, Toronto:
University of Toronto Centre of Criminology, 1985, xxvii, 161 p.
(series;
research report of the Centre of Criminology University of Toronto;
number
22), ISBN: 0919584624; table of Contents: "...Chapter one: Scope of the
Monograph and General Introduction...1...Chapter Two: Review of the
Scientific
Literature on Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment...13...Chapter
Three:
Dangerous Offenders: Legal Issues...87....Chapter Four: A Consideration
of Policy Options...140..."; at p. iv, we read: "This monograph is
based
on a report published in French and English y the Department of
Justice,
Canada, in December 1983. That report was entitled: 'Deciding
Dangerousness:
Policy Alternatives for Dangerous Offenders'";
(ok reference checked)
WEILER, D., and J.D. Desgagne, Victims
and Witnesses of Crime in
Canada,
Ottawa: Ministry of Supply and Services (from Department of Justice),
1984;
WEILER, Joseph M.P., "Why Do We Punish? The Case for
Retributive
Justice", (1978) 12 University of British Columbia Law Review
295;
WEILER, Paul C., The Criminal
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Ottawa:
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___________"Criminal Sanction" (from Osgoode Hall Law at York
University
written originally as a background paper for a liberal Conference) in
Kathleen
Keating, ed. and Norman Sheffe, consulting editor, Issues for the
Seventies,
Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 1972, ISBN: 0070929459, vii, 78 p., at pp. 15-17;
___________"The Reform of punishment", in Law Reform Commission of Canada, ed., Studies on Sentencing, Ottawa: Information canada, 1974, x, 205 p., at pp. 91-205; also published in French / aussi publié en français: "La réforme de la peine", dans Commission de réforme du droit du Canada, sous la direction de, Études sur le sentencing, Ottawa: Information canada, 1974, x, 232 p., aux pp. 103-232; (ok reference checked)
___________The Structure of Sentencing" in Kathleen Keating, ed. and
Norman Sheffe, consulting editor, Issues
for the Seventies, Toronto:
McGraw-Hill,
1972, ISBN: 0070929459, vii, 78 p., at pp. 75-76;
WEILER, Richard, Report of the Proceedings: National Workshop on
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les
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(ok reference checked)
WEISMAN, Richard, "Why Say Sorry When I Didn't Do It?: The Dilemma
of the Wrongfully Convicted", in Julian V. Roberts and
Michelle G. Grossman, eds., Criminal
Justice in Canada: A Reader, 3rd ed., Toronto: Thomson Nelson,
2007, xiv,
321 p., at pp. 235-245, ISBN: 0176424091; (ok reference checked)
WEITECAMP, "Recent developments on restitution and
victim-offender
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J. Albrecht, eds., Victims and criminal justice, Freiburg:
Max-Planck
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WELLING, B. and Hipfner, L.A., "Cruel and Unusual? Capital
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WELSH, Andrew, Sentencing Aboriginal offenders progressive reforms or
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2004;
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Literature,
Ottawa: Department of Justice Canada, 2002, iv, 41 p.; (ok
reference checked)
WEMMERS, Jo-Anne and Katie Cyr, "Can Mediation Be Therapeutic for Crime Victims? An Evaluation of Victims' Experiences in Mediation with Young Offenders", (July 2005) 47(3) Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice 527-544; (ok reference checked)
___________
Les besoins des victimes dans un
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40 Les
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WEMMERS, Jo-Anne Wemmers, Romilda Martire et Annie Tremblay, La
médiation et les victimes d'actes criminels, Les Cahiers de recherches
criminologiques, numéro 41, 114 p.;
WEST, Nora, "Rape in the Criminal Law and the Victim's Tort Alternative: a Feminist Analysis", (Winter 1992) 50 University of Toronto Faculty of Law Review 96-118;
WHEELER, G., "The police, the Crowns and the Courts: Who's Running
the
Show?", (1987) 11 Provincial Judges Journal 28;
WHITE, Elizabeth, "Where Do We Go from Here?”, (2001) 6(3) Canadian
Criminal Law 366-368; deals with electronic monitoring;
(ok reference checked)
WHITE, Timothy W., "Personal Demons: Public Dilemmas: Sentencing in
the 21st Century", (Spring 1997) 21 Prov. Judges J., No. 1, 33-36;
WHITE, Vernon Darryl, Restorative justice : resolution of
criminal
conflict, Thesis (M.A.), Royal Roads University, 2001; copy at
National
Library of Canada;
WHITEHALL, I.G., "The Criminal Injuries Compensation Act",
(1974)
4 Rec Laws 117-118;
WHITELEY, Alan, Arguments Against a Treatment Theory of
Punishment,
M.A. University of Guelph, 1976, copy at National Library;
WHITELEY, Diane Elizabeth, A naturalistic justification for
criminal
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213 p.;
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To
The First World War", (2000) 48(5 & 6) Chitty's Law Journal
14-23;
(ok reference checked)
___________Client assessment and prediction in probation/parole :
an annotated bibliography, Toronto : M.D. Whittingham, 1986, 24
leaves;
___________Criminality and Correctional Reformism in Ontario
1831
to 1954, Ph.D. thesis, York University, 1980, xiv, 379 leaves;
___________The role of reformers and volunteers in the advance of
correctional reform in Canada, since Confederation, [Ottawa] :
Programs
Branch, Ministry of the Solicitor General, 1984, 1 v. (various
pagings),
(series; User report. no. 1984-70);
WHITZMAN, Stephen, "Combining Secure and Open Custody in
Dispositions
Under the Young Offenders Act", (1990) 77 Criminal Reports
(3d) 389-397;
(ok reference checked)
WILKINS, James L., "Absolute and Conditional Discharge",
(1976-77)
19 The Criminal Law Quarterly 454-470;
WILKINS, Leslie T., "Does it Help to Transform the Problem?",(1992)
5 The Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence 69-80;
WILLIAMS, Jeremy S., "The Infliction of Punishment - Modern Theories
- Public Attitude", (1968-69) 7 Alberta Law Review 149;
WILLIAMS, Toni, "Sentencing Black Offenders in the Ontario
Criminal
Justice System" in Julian V. Roberts and David P. Cole, eds., Making
Sense of Sentencing, Toronto: University of Toronto
Press,
1999, [ix]¸ 381 p. at pp. 200-216, ISBN: 0802006868 (cloth) and
0802076440
(paper);
(ok reference checked)
WILLIAMSON, Sherrie, 1959-, Cohesion and coherence in the speech
of psychopathic criminals, Thesis (Ph.D.), University of British
Columbia,
1991;
WILLISTON, Brian D., "Commentary: Unresolved Issues in Sentencing"
in
Sandra Oxner (ed.), Criminal
Justice: Papers Prepared for Presentation
at the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice Conference
on Criminal Justice Held at Halifax, October 28, 29 and 30m 1981,
Toronto:
Carswell, 1982, ISBN: 0459349708, pp. 175-179;
WILSON, C., Protective Custody in a Federal Penitentiary: A
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of a protective Custody Population, M.A. Thesis, Ottawa, University
of Ottawa, 1983;
WILSON, Frederick Stewart, Effects of long penal imprisonment on
flexibility in problem-solving, Thesis (M.A.), University of
Manitoba,
1959, 112 leaves;.
WILSON, H.L., The Use of the
Prerogative of Mercy in Canada, M.S.W.
thesis,
University of Toronto, 1954, 93, [53] leaves: ill.;
WINES, E.C. and T.W. Dwight, Report on the Prisons and
Reformatories
of the United States and Canada, Albany: Van Benthuysen and Sons
Steam
Printing House, 1867;
WINTERDYK, John A., ed., Corrections in Canada : social
reactions
to crime, Toronto : Prentice Hall, c2001, xx, 356 p., ISBN:
013084425X;
WOLFF, Horst G., "The Relation Between The Courts and The National
Parole
Board", (1969) 19 University of Toronto Law Journal 559-596;
WOODS, Mervyn, "Punishment under Law", (1958-59) 1 The Crimimal
Law
Quarterly 423-440;
WORMITH, J.S., "A Survey of incarcerated sexual offenders",
(1983) 25 Canadian Journal of
Criminology 379-390;
___________What do we know about long term
incarceration?,
[Ottawa] : Solicitor General Canada, Ministry Secretariat, [1984], 6
leaves
(series; User report / Programs Branch ; no. 1984-17);
WORMITH, J.S., and Monika Ruhl, "Preventive Detention in
Canada", (December 1986) 1(4) Journal
of Interpersonal Violence 399-430; (ok reference checked)
WORTLEY, Scot and Andrea McCalla, "Racial Discrimination in the Ontario Criminal Justice System", in Julian V. Roberts and Michelle G. Grossman, eds., Criminal Justice in Canada: A Reader, 3rd ed., Toronto: Thomson Nelson, 2007, xiv, 321 p., at pp. 187-206, with bibliography at pp. 202-206, ISBN: 0176424091; (ok reference checked)
WRIGHT, Keith E., "Judicial Review of Parole Suspension and
Revocation",
(1975-76) 18 The Criminal Law Quarterly 435-467;
WYNNE and Hartnagel, "Race and Plea Negotiations: An Analysis of
Some
Canadian Data", (1975) 1 Canadian Journal of Sociology 147-155;
WYNNE, Derek Francis, Plea
Bargaining: an Empirical Analysis, M.A.,
Alberta, 1975, copy at National Library;
YASNY, R. discute de R. v. Corbett, [1988] 1 S.C.R. 670 dans (1989)
27 Alberta Law Review 499-501;
YEAGER, Mathew G., Survey of Client Specific Planning Programs
and
their Feasibility as an Alternative to Incarceration in Canada,
[Ottawa]
: Solicitor General Canada, Ministry Secretariat, 1992, iii, 133, [11]
p.(series; User report; 1992-06), ISBN: 066219702X; also
published
in French / aussi publié en français: Bilan - les
programmes de planification axée sur le client et leurs
chances
de succès comme solutions de rechange à
l'incarcération
au Canada, [Ottawa] : Solliciteur général Canada,
Secrétariat
du ministère, 1992, iii, 91, 6, 8 p., (Collection; Rapport pour
spécialistes (Solliciteur général Canada,
Secrétariat
du ministère); 1992-06); ISBN: 0662975677;
YESSINE, Annie K., and James Bonta, "Tracking High-Risk, Violent
Offenders: An Examination of the National Flagging System", (July 2006)
48(4) Canadian Journal of
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YOUNG, A. and J.V. Roberts, Research Workshops on the role of
the
Victim in the Criminal Process: Summary Report, Ottawa, Department
of Justice, Policy Centre for Victim Issue, 2001;
YOUNG, Alan N., "Crime Victims and Constitutional Rights", 49(4) The
Criminal Law Quarterly 432-473;
(ok reference checked)
___________"The In-Out Decision and the Impact of the Criminal
Record",
unpublished; research paper prepared for the Canadian Sentencing
Commission;
___________Justice defiled : perverts, potheads, serial killers
and lawyers, Toronto : Key Porter Books, c2003, xi, 347 p., see
Chapter
8, "Why We Punish", at pp. 140-157, Chapter 14, "The Circle of
Victimization",
at pp. 216-232 and Chapter 18, "Let's Make a Deal", at pp. 297-315,
ISBN:
1552632253; copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada, KF 9223
Y68 2003;
(ok reference checked)
___________"The Operation of Appellate Sentencing Ranges in Trial
Sentencing Decisions", 1984, unpublished research paper prepared for
the
Canadian Sentencing Commission;
___________"The Operation of mitigating and aggravating factors in
appellate sentencing decisions", 1985, unpublished; research paper
prepared
for the Canadian Sentencing Commission, Ottawa;
___________"The Role of Appeal Courts in Establishing Ranges",
1984,
unpublished; research paper prepared for the Canadian Sentencing
Commission;
___________The Role of an Apppellate Court in Developing Sentencing Guidelines, Ottawa: Department of Justice, Policy, Programs and Research Branch, Research and Development Directorate, 1988, ii, 105 p. (series; Research reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission; ISSN: 0836-1797; volume 22); ISBN: 0662158849; also published in French / aussi publié en français : Élaboration de lignes directrices en matière de la détermination de la peine: le rôle de la Cour d'appel, Ottawa : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Direction générale de la recherche et du développement, Direction de la politique, des programmes et de la recherche, 1988, vi, 111 p. (Collection; Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine; ISSN: 0836-1800; volume 22), ISBN: 0662946863; (ok reference checked)
"This paper summarizes recent case law on sentencing in Canada. Professor Young completed several research studies for the Canadian Sentencing Commission. This recent volume summarizes his findings in the area. He has surveyed the case law as it pertains to sentencing with a view to evaluating the impact of appellate review of sentencing." (Department of Justice Canada, Research Reports of the Canadian Sentencing Commission, [Ottawa]: Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Communications and Public Affairs, Department of Justice Canada, 1988, [15] p., at p. 13, ISBN: 0662556534; also published in French (text in English an French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français (texte en français et en anglais disposé tête-bêche) : Ministère de la Justice Canada, Rapports de recherche de la Commission canadienne sur la détermination de la peine, [Ottawa]: Ministre de la Justice et procureur général du Canada, Direction des communications et affaires publiques, Ministère de la Justice du Canada, 1988, [15] p., à la p. 14, ISBN: 0662556534)
___________The Role of the Victim in the Criminal Process:
A Literature Review -- 1989-1999, Ottawa: Department of Justice
Canada,
Research and Statistics Division, 2001, iii, 67 p. (series; Victims of
crime research series); available at http://www.justice.gc.ca/en/ps/rs/rep/2000/victims_role.pdf
(accessed on 21 April 2006); also published in French (Text in
English
and French on inverted pages) / aussi publié en français:
Rôle
de la victime au sein du processus judiciaire, Ottawa:
Ministère
de la Justice Canada, Division de la recherche et de la statistique,
2001,
iii, 67 p. (Collection; série de recherchesur les victimes
d'actes
criminels); disponible à http://www.justice.gc.ca/fr/ps/rs/rep/2000/victims_role.pdf
(visionné le 21 avril 2006); important
contribution;
(ok reference checked)
"Document Brief
Recognition of the plight of the victim first emerged in the 1960s with disturbing revelations concerning the treatment of rape victims in the criminal process. The 1970s was a decade of significant reform with respect to compensation for injury from crime and the 1980s was a decade of the institutionalization of victim participation in the process through the creation of rights and entitlements for victims. The 1990s was a decade of taking stock of the rapid changes in the status of the crime victim, and this report serves to outline the academic literature produced during that decade. The literature review produced in this report is not intended to be a sterile catalogue of articles and books, but rather it is intended to be a compendious summary of recurring themes found in the literature. The ultimate objective is to review the literature with the intent of discovering if victims’ rights reform has had any meaningful impact upon the criminal process and its unfortunate side effect of secondary victimization. The report will attempt to identify goals which have been achieved, goals which have not been realized and recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of victims’ rights projects." (source: http://canada.justice.gc.ca/en/ps/rs/rep/victims_role-b-e.html (accessed on 4 January 2003); also published in French / aussi disponible en français, à http://canada.justice.gc.ca/fr/ps/rs/rep/victims_role-b-e.html (visionné le 4 janvier 2003);
___________"'Son of Sam' and his Legislative Offspring: the
Constitutionality
of Stripping Criminals of their Literary Profits", (1988) 4 Intellectual
Property Journal
25-62;
___________"Tariff Sentencing in Canada", 1985, unpublished;
research
paper prepared for the Canadian Sentencing Commission;
___________"Two Scales of Justice: A Reply", (1993) 35 The
Criminal
Law Quarterly 355-375 [reply to SKURKA, Steven, "Two Scales of
Justice:
The Victim as Adversary", (1993) 35 The Criminal Law Quarterly
334-
354];
YOUNG, Doris...[et al.], Manitoba Inmate Survey, 1991, voir,
ce document, p. 70;
YOUNG, Simon, "Kant's Theory of Punishment in a Canadian Setting",
(1977)
22 Queen's Law Journal 347-388; ["The author argues that
Immanuel
Kant's theory of retributive punishment should be the basis for the
sentencing
of criminals in Canada. The theory holds that it is the law's
duty
to honour the self- determinacy of people by holding individuals
responsible
for actions they commit that impinge on the freedom of others.
Punishment
based on retribution recognizes the free will and personal autonomy of
individuals, and the idea that they should be punished only because
they
have committed a particular crime. Criminals should not be
treated
as means for social purposesof the Stae, but as ends in
themselves.
Through retribution, criminals are punished only for the pain they have
inflicted on their victims and society. The degree of moral
blameworthiness
and the nature of the wrong will determine the quantity of
punishment.
The notion that retribution as a theory for developing actual sentences
can coexist with other sentencing principles, such as deterrence and
rehabilitation,
is rejected by the author. The two latter goals consider factors
external to the realm of the law, for they demand a utilitarian
approach
in which the offender is used to further the goals of social
engineering.
While it may be desirable to reduce the overall incidence of crime in
society
(as deterrence seeks to do) or to cure the offender of his or her
social
ills (as is the case with rehabilitation), these are beyond the role of
the judiciary. Once an accused is found guilty, the sentence
decided
upon should reflect the nature of the particular crime and its
resulting
harms back upon the offender. Let the punishment fit the crime,
while
keeping within juridical bounds, Kant and the author say" (summary at
p.
347)]. Contents: Introduction; I. Kantian Fundamentals: A. Self-
Determining Beings; B. Doctrine of Right; C. Coercion; D. Civil
Society;
II. Kant's Theory of Punishment: A. Intentionality or ‘Moral
Culpability';
B. Nature of Wrong; III. Implementing Kant's Theory of Punishment: A.
Sentencing
and Penal Policy in Canada; B. Sentencing and Prevailing Sentencing
Factors:
(i) Circumstances Relating to the Offender; (ii) Circumstances Relating
to the Offence; C. Application of Kantian Principles: (I) Gravity of
the
Offence and Moral Culpability; (ii) Range of Sentence - Maintaining
Consistency;
IV. In Final Defence of Kant";
YOUNG, T.R., "Beyond Crime and Punishment (Part 2): Democratic
Proposals
for Social Justice", (1996) 7 Critical Crim. No. 2, 92-107;
YOUNGER, E.E., "Are Judges Responsible for Victims Too?", (1982)
6(2)
Provincial Judges Journal 28-29;
ZAHND, Walter Fred., Parole: High Risk Parolees, M.S.W.
Thesis,
University of Toronto, 1964;
ZAMBROWSKY, Josh and Darryl Davies, eds., Proceedings of the
First
National Seminar on Victims' Rights and the Judicial Process, Canadian
Criminal Justice Association, 1985, 139 p.;
ZANATTA, Robert G., The Risk of
Violent Recidivism: A Comparaison of
Dangerous and Non Dangerous Offenders, Masters Thesis (M.A.),
Simon Fraser University, 1997. 119 p.
ZAPF, M.K. and B. Cole, "Yukon Restitution Study", (1985) 27 Canadian
Journal of Criminology 477-490;
ZEHR, Howard, "A Restorative Lens" in Nick Larsen, ed., The
Canadian
Criminal Justice System: An Issues Approach to the Administration of
Justice,
Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press, 1995, xxiv, 548 p., at pp. 521-546,
ISBN: 155130046X;
___________Retributive justice, restorative justice. New Perspectives
on Crime and Justice – Occasional Paper Series. Kitchener Mennonite
Central
Committee, Canada Victim Offender Ministries, 1985
ZEITOUN, L., "Material Assistance Given by After-Care Agencies in
Canada",
(Jan-Feb 1959) American Journal of
Correction;
___________"Parole Supervision and Self-Determination", (Sep 1962)
Federal
Probation;
ZELLERER, Evelyn, "Restorative Justice in Indigenous Communities:
Critical
Issues in Confronting Violence Against Women", (1999) 6 International
Review of Criminology;
ZIEGELWANGER, Vera, Plea bargaining : a comparative study of
Austrian
and Canadian law, Thesis (LL.M.), University of British Columbia,
1996,
vii, 173 leaves;
ZIMMERMANN, S., " 'The Revolving Door of Despair': Aboriginal
Involvement
in the Criminal Justice System", (1992) U.B.C. Law Review 367;
ZINGER, Ivan, "Human Rights Compliance and the Role of External
Prison
Oversight", (April 2006) 48(2) Canadian
Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice / Revue canadienne de
criminologie et de justice pénale 127-140; (ok reference
checked)
___________"Respect des obligations relatives aux droits de la
personne et rôle de la surveillance externe", (avril 2006) 48(2) Canadian Journal of Criminology and
Criminal Justice / Revue canadienne de criminologie et de justice
pénale 141-155;
(ok reference checked)
ZINGER, Ivan and J. Stephen Wormith, Carleton University, "The
Development
of Emperically-based Detention Measures in Canada: An Impossible
Task?",
August 1994, 51 p.; note: "This research was funded by the Law Refund
Fund
and was submitted to the Task Force on High Risk Violent Offenders
(Department
of Justice Canada", p. 2;
ZU, Zhiyun, Examining Good Character
as a Mitigating Factor in Canadian Sentencing, LL.M. thesis,
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